vulnerability
Amazon Linux 2023: CVE-2021-3618: Medium priority package update for sendmail (Multiple Advisories)
| Severity | CVSS | Published | Added | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N) | Jun 9, 2021 | Feb 17, 2025 | Jul 9, 2025 |
Severity
6
CVSS
(AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N)
Published
Jun 9, 2021
Added
Feb 17, 2025
Modified
Jul 9, 2025
Description
ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
Solutions
amazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginxamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-all-modulesamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-coreamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-core-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-debugsourceamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-filesystemamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-develamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perlamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perl-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-mailamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-mail-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-streamamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-stream-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmailamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-cfamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-debugsourceamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-docamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milter-develamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpdamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpd-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpd-debugsource
Rapid7 Labs
2026 Global Threat Landscape Report
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