In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling
CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence:
CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu()
The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes:
s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers()
This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled.
With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU:
perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update()
to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data.
Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | Jan 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Dell Powerstore Dsa2025223 | — | Upgrade Dell PowerStoreOS to the latest version | Jan 13, 2026 | May 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libs | Jul 1, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-ibmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azureUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-genericUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1062-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1020-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1073-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1044-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-gkeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1014-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oemUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1023-gkeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1101-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1075-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1140-oracleUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracleUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1060-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-kvmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcpUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-genericUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-genericUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1088-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1048-iotUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1076-kvmUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1090-ibmUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1116-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-awsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1072-ibm | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
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