In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling
CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence:
CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu()
The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes:
s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers()
This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled.
With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU:
perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update()
to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data.
Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | Jan 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Dell Powerstore Dsa2025223 | — | Upgrade Dell PowerStoreOS to the latest version | Jan 13, 2026 | May 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perf | Jul 1, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Rocky_linux | — | Upgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-kvmUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade kernel-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-rt-debug-kvmUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-core | Sep 7, 2026 | Sep 4, 2026 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azureUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1088-ibmUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1072-ibmUpgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-awsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1116-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1090-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1076-kvmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1048-iotUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-genericUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-genericUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcpUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcpUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-kvmUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-awsUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1101-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1060-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azureUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1073-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1020-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1062-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-azureUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-genericUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-gkeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1044-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1014-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oemUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1075-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1023-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1140-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-fips | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
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