In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling
CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence:
CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu()
The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes:
s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers()
This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled.
With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU:
perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update()
to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data.
Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | Jan 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Dell Powerstore Dsa2025223 | — | Upgrade Dell PowerStoreOS to the latest version | Jan 13, 2026 | May 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perf | Jul 1, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-rtNo solution existsUpgrade kernel | Jul 9, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Rocky_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-kvmUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-kvmUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-core | Sep 7, 2026 | Sep 4, 2026 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-gkeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1023-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oemUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1075-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1020-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1060-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1073-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1014-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1062-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-awsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azureUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-fipsUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1044-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1101-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1140-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-genericUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcpUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-ibmUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1088-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1090-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1076-kvmUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-genericUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-kvmUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-awsUpgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1048-iotUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1072-ibmUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1116-fips | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
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