In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling
CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence:
CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu()
The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes:
s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers()
This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled.
With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU:
perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update()
to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data.
Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | Jan 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Dell Powerstore Dsa2025223 | — | Upgrade Dell PowerStoreOS to the latest version | Jan 13, 2026 | May 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jul 1, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1073-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-azureUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1075-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1020-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1044-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1060-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1023-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oemUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1062-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1014-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-raspiUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-gkeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-genericUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1140-oracleUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1074-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1101-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1147-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1033-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-ibmUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-awsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1048-iotUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-kvmUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1116-fipsUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-58-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1072-ibmUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-oracleUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1027-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-genericUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-211-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-136-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-135-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1090-ibmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1021-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1076-kvmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1088-ibmUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtime | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 13, 2025 | Jan 11, 2025 |
Prioritise with Active Threat Intelligence
With curated Threat Intelligence, you can see which vulnerabilities truly put you at risk, prioritize what matters most, and act before attackers do.
Explore Intelligence Hub