In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm/migrate_device: don't add folio to be freed to LRU in migrate_device_finalize()
If migration succeeded, we called folio_migrate_flags()->mem_cgroup_migrate() to migrate the memcg from the old to the new folio. This will set memcg_data of the old folio to 0.
Similarly, if migration failed, memcg_data of the dst folio is left unset.
If we call folio_putback_lru() on such folios (memcg_data == 0), we will add the folio to be freed to the LRU, making memcg code unhappy. Running the hmm selftests:
# ./hmm-tests ... # RUN hmm.hmm_device_private.migrate ... [ 102.078007][T14893] page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x7ff27d200 pfn:0x13cc00 [ 102.079974][T14893] anon flags: 0x17ff00000020018(uptodate|dirty|swapbacked|node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0x7ff) [ 102.082037][T14893] raw: 017ff00000020018 dead000000000100 dead000000000122 ffff8881353896c9 [ 102.083687][T14893] raw: 00000007ff27d200 0000000000000000 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000 [ 102.085331][T14893] page dumped because: VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_FOLIO(!memcg && !mem_cgroup_disabled()) [ 102.087230][T14893] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 102.088279][T14893] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 14893 at ./include/linux/memcontrol.h:726 folio_lruvec_lock_irqsave+0x10e/0x170 [ 102.090478][T14893] Modules linked in: [ 102.091244][T14893] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 14893 Comm: hmm-tests Not tainted 6.13.0-09623-g6c216bc522fd #151 [ 102.093089][T14893] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014 [ 102.094848][T14893] RIP: 0010:folio_lruvec_lock_irqsave+0x10e/0x170 [ 102.096104][T14893] Code: ... [ 102.099908][T14893] RSP: 0018:ffffc900236c37b0 EFLAGS: 00010293 [ 102.101152][T14893] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffea0004f30000 RCX: ffffffff8183f426 [ 102.102684][T14893] RDX: ffff8881063cb880 RSI: ffffffff81b8117f RDI: ffff8881063cb880 [ 102.104227][T14893] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 102.105757][T14893] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000002 R12: ffffc900236c37d8 [ 102.107296][T14893] R13: ffff888277a2bcb0 R14: 000000000000001f R15: 0000000000000000 [ 102.108830][T14893] FS: 00007ff27dbdd740(0000) GS:ffff888277a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 102.110643][T14893] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 102.111924][T14893] CR2: 00007ff27d400000 CR3: 000000010866e000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0 [ 102.113478][T14893] PKRU: 55555554 [ 102.114172][T14893] Call Trace: [ 102.114805][T14893] <TASK> [ 102.115397][T14893] ? folio_lruvec_lock_irqsave+0x10e/0x170 [ 102.116547][T14893] ? __warn.cold+0x110/0x210 [ 102.117461][T14893] ? folio_lruvec_lock_irqsave+0x10e/0x170 [ 102.118667][T14893] ? report_bug+0x1b9/0x320 [ 102.119571][T14893] ? handle_bug+0x54/0x90 [ 102.120494][T14893] ? exc_invalid_op+0x17/0x50 [ 102.121433][T14893] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20 [ 102.122435][T14893] ? __wake_up_klogd.part.0+0x76/0xd0 [ 102.123506][T14893] ? dump_page+0x4f/0x60 [ 102.124352][T14893] ? folio_lruvec_lock_irqsave+0x10e/0x170 [ 102.125500][T14893] folio_batch_move_lru+0xd4/0x200 [ 102.126577][T14893] ? __pfx_lru_add+0x10/0x10 [ 102.127505][T14893] __folio_batch_add_and_move+0x391/0x720 [ 102.128633][T14893] ? __pfx_lru_add+0x10/0x10 [ 102.129550][T14893] folio_putback_lru+0x16/0x80 [ 102.130564][T14893] migrate_device_finalize+0x9b/0x530 [ 102.131640][T14893] dmirror_migrate_to_device.constprop.0+0x7c5/0xad0 [ 102.133047][T14893] dmirror_fops_unlocked_ioctl+0x89b/0xc80
Likely, nothing else goes wrong: putting the last folio reference will remove the folio from the LRU again. So besides memcg complaining, adding the folio to be freed to the LRU is just an unnecessary step.
The new flow resembles what we have in migrate_folio_move(): add the dst to the lru, rem ---truncated---
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alma_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-64k-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-modulesUpgrade rtlaUpgrade kernel-docUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modules-extraUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-uki-virtUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-rt-64kUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modulesUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-develUpgrade kernel-64k-modules-coreUpgrade libperfUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-modules-extraUpgrade rvUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-develUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debugUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-64k-develUpgrade kernel-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-64kUpgrade kernel-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-64k-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-develUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-64k-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-develUpgrade kernel-64k-debugUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernel-cross-headersUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modulesUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-uki-virt-addons | Nov 20, 2025 | Nov 11, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | May 15, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perf | Jun 13, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jul 21, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftool | Jul 1, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Oracle_linux | — | Upgrade kernel | Nov 28, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-rtNo solution existsUpgrade kernel | Jul 9, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Rocky_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modulesUpgrade libperf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-coreUpgrade rvUpgrade kernel-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfoUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-s390xUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-uki-virt-addonsUpgrade libperfUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade rtlaUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-coreUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-matchedUpgrade kernel-modulesUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-devel | Feb 5, 2026 | Nov 21, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade dtb-rockchip | Dec 5, 2025 | Jun 12, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-5.15Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1100-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1064-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1094-ibmUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-5.15Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-raspiUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1100-awsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1095-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1019-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rt-5.15Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1052-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-oracle-5.15Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1109-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-generic-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1095-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iotg-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1100-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1109-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-kvmUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1041-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-kvm-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1096-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2028-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-fipsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1097-raspiUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1030-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1095-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1110-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtime-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-virtual-5.15Upgrade linux-image-realtime-5.15Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1100-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1052-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1097-oracleUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-aws-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-78-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1032-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1032-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1032-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-raspi-5.15Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-170-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1036-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1033-ibmUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1035-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-78-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibm-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1100-gcpUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-78-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-78-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1036-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1099-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1041-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmp-5.15Upgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpae | Jun 26, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | Mar 12, 2025 |
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