ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.4
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Linux | alpine-linux-upgrade-nginx | Mar 26, 2024 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Amazon Linux Ami 2 | amazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginxamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-all-modulesamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-debuginfoamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-filesystemamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-geoipamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filteramazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perlamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filteramazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-mailamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-nginx-mod-streamamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-vsftpdamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-vsftpd-debuginfoamazon-linux-ami-2-upgrade-vsftpd-sysvinit | Sep 28, 2023 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Amazon_linux_2023 | amazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginxamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-all-modulesamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-coreamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-core-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-debugsourceamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-filesystemamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-develamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perlamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perl-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-mailamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-mail-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-streamamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-nginx-mod-stream-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmailamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-cfamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-debugsourceamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-docamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milteramazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milter-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-sendmail-milter-develamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpdamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpd-debuginfoamazon-linux-2023-upgrade-vsftpd-debugsource | Feb 17, 2025 | Jun 9, 2021 | |
| Arch Linux | arch-linux-upgrade-latest | Jul 11, 2025 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Debian | debian-upgrade-nginxdebian-upgrade-sendmail | Nov 24, 2022 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp3 | huawei-euleros-2_0_sp3-upgrade-nginx | Oct 26, 2021 | Sep 24, 2021 | |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp5 | huawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginxhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-all-moduleshuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-filesystemhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filterhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perlhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filterhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-mod-mailhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp5-upgrade-nginx-mod-stream | Sep 29, 2021 | Sep 24, 2021 | |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp8 | huawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginxhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-all-moduleshuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-filesystemhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-image-filterhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-perlhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-mod-http-xslt-filterhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-mod-mailhuawei-euleros-2_0_sp8-upgrade-nginx-mod-stream | Sep 24, 2021 | Sep 24, 2021 | |
| Nginx | nginx-nginx-upgrade-1_21_0 | Feb 10, 2023 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Redhat_linux | — | no-fix-redhat-rpm-package | Jul 9, 2025 | Mar 23, 2022 |
| Suse | — | suse-upgrade-nginxsuse-upgrade-nginx-sourcesuse-upgrade-vim-plugin-nginxsuse-upgrade-vsftpd | Oct 26, 2022 | Mar 23, 2022 |
| Ubuntu | ubuntu-pro-upgrade-nginx-coreubuntu-pro-upgrade-nginx-extrasubuntu-pro-upgrade-nginx-lightubuntu-upgrade-libnginx-mod-http-luaubuntu-upgrade-nginx-coreubuntu-upgrade-nginx-extrasubuntu-upgrade-nginx-fullubuntu-upgrade-nginx-lightubuntu-upgrade-vsftpd | Apr 13, 2022 | Mar 23, 2022 | |
| Vmware Photon_os | vmware-photon_os_update_tdnf | Jan 20, 2025 | Mar 23, 2022 |
Prioritise with Active Threat Intelligence
With curated Threat Intelligence, you can see which vulnerabilities truly put you at risk, prioritize what matters most, and act before attackers do.
Explore Intelligence Hub