In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: x86/pmu: Disable support for adaptive PEBS
Drop support for virtualizing adaptive PEBS, as KVM's implementation is architecturally broken without an obvious/easy path forward, and because exposing adaptive PEBS can leak host LBRs to the guest, i.e. can leak host kernel addresses to the guest.
Bug #1 is that KVM doesn't account for the upper 32 bits of IA32_FIXED_CTR_CTRL when (re)programming fixed counters, e.g fixed_ctrl_field() drops the upper bits, reprogram_fixed_counters() stores local variables as u8s and truncates the upper bits too, etc.
Bug #2 is that, because KVM _always_ sets precise_ip to a non-zero value for PEBS events, perf will _always_ generate an adaptive record, even if the guest requested a basic record. Note, KVM will also enable adaptive PEBS in individual *counter*, even if adaptive PEBS isn't exposed to the guest, but this is benign as MSR_PEBS_DATA_CFG is guaranteed to be zero, i.e. the guest will only ever see Basic records.
Bug #3 is in perf. intel_pmu_disable_fixed() doesn't clear the upper bits either, i.e. leaves ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE set, and intel_pmu_enable_fixed() effectively doesn't clear ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE either. I.e. perf _always_ enables ADAPTIVE counters, regardless of what KVM requests.
Bug #4 is that adaptive PEBS *might* effectively bypass event filters set by the host, as "Updated Memory Access Info Group" records information that might be disallowed by userspace via KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER.
Bug #5 is that KVM doesn't ensure LBR MSRs hold guest values (or at least zeros) when entering a vCPU with adaptive PEBS, which allows the guest to read host LBRs, i.e. host RIPs/addresses, by enabling "LBR Entries" records.
Disable adaptive PEBS support as an immediate fix due to the severity of the LBR leak in particular, and because fixing all of the bugs will be non-trivial, e.g. not suitable for backporting to stable kernels.
Note! This will break live migration, but trying to make KVM play nice with live migration would be quite complicated, wouldn't be guaranteed to work (i.e. KVM might still kill/confuse the guest), and it's not clear that there are any publicly available VMMs that support adaptive PEBS, let alone live migrate VMs that support adaptive PEBS, e.g. QEMU doesn't support PEBS in any capacity.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.90-99.173Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade perfUpgrade perf-debuginfo | Feb 17, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | May 8, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-rtNo solution exists | Dec 5, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade dtb-armUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-azure-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-debug-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-64kb-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kb | Jun 24, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gcpUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azureUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-genericUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oemUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1006-gkeUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-ibm | Jul 12, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
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