In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: x86/pmu: Disable support for adaptive PEBS
Drop support for virtualizing adaptive PEBS, as KVM's implementation is architecturally broken without an obvious/easy path forward, and because exposing adaptive PEBS can leak host LBRs to the guest, i.e. can leak host kernel addresses to the guest.
Bug #1 is that KVM doesn't account for the upper 32 bits of IA32_FIXED_CTR_CTRL when (re)programming fixed counters, e.g fixed_ctrl_field() drops the upper bits, reprogram_fixed_counters() stores local variables as u8s and truncates the upper bits too, etc.
Bug #2 is that, because KVM _always_ sets precise_ip to a non-zero value for PEBS events, perf will _always_ generate an adaptive record, even if the guest requested a basic record. Note, KVM will also enable adaptive PEBS in individual *counter*, even if adaptive PEBS isn't exposed to the guest, but this is benign as MSR_PEBS_DATA_CFG is guaranteed to be zero, i.e. the guest will only ever see Basic records.
Bug #3 is in perf. intel_pmu_disable_fixed() doesn't clear the upper bits either, i.e. leaves ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE set, and intel_pmu_enable_fixed() effectively doesn't clear ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE either. I.e. perf _always_ enables ADAPTIVE counters, regardless of what KVM requests.
Bug #4 is that adaptive PEBS *might* effectively bypass event filters set by the host, as "Updated Memory Access Info Group" records information that might be disallowed by userspace via KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER.
Bug #5 is that KVM doesn't ensure LBR MSRs hold guest values (or at least zeros) when entering a vCPU with adaptive PEBS, which allows the guest to read host LBRs, i.e. host RIPs/addresses, by enabling "LBR Entries" records.
Disable adaptive PEBS support as an immediate fix due to the severity of the LBR leak in particular, and because fixing all of the bugs will be non-trivial, e.g. not suitable for backporting to stable kernels.
Note! This will break live migration, but trying to make KVM play nice with live migration would be quite complicated, wouldn't be guaranteed to work (i.e. KVM might still kill/confuse the guest), and it's not clear that there are any publicly available VMMs that support adaptive PEBS, let alone live migrate VMs that support adaptive PEBS, e.g. QEMU doesn't support PEBS in any capacity.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.90-99.173Upgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfo | Feb 17, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | May 8, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-rtNo solution existsUpgrade kernel | Dec 5, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-azure-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-debug-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-64kb-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-source-azure | Jun 24, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-intelUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-genericUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-ibmUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1006-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oemUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatency-64k | Jul 12, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
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