In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ext4: fix double brelse() the buffer of the extents path
In ext4_ext_try_to_merge_up(), set path[1].p_bh to NULL after it has been released, otherwise it may be released twice. An example of what triggers this is as follows:
split2 map split1 |--------|-------|--------|
ext4_ext_map_blocks ext4_ext_handle_unwritten_extents ext4_split_convert_extents // path->p_depth == 0 ext4_split_extent // 1. do split1 ext4_split_extent_at |ext4_ext_insert_extent | ext4_ext_create_new_leaf | ext4_ext_grow_indepth | le16_add_cpu(&neh->eh_depth, 1) | ext4_find_extent | // return -ENOMEM |// get error and try zeroout |path = ext4_find_extent | path->p_depth = 1 |ext4_ext_try_to_merge | ext4_ext_try_to_merge_up | path->p_depth = 0 | brelse(path[1].p_bh) ---> not set to NULL here |// zeroout success // 2. update path ext4_find_extent // 3. do split2 ext4_split_extent_at ext4_ext_insert_extent ext4_ext_create_new_leaf ext4_ext_grow_indepth le16_add_cpu(&neh->eh_depth, 1) ext4_find_extent path[0].p_bh = NULL; path->p_depth = 1 read_extent_tree_block ---> return err // path[1].p_bh is still the old value ext4_free_ext_path ext4_ext_drop_refs // path->p_depth == 1 brelse(path[1].p_bh) ---> brelse a buffer twice
Finally got the following WARRNING when removing the buffer from lru:
============================================ VFS: brelse: Trying to free free buffer WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 72 at fs/buffer.c:1241 __brelse+0x58/0x90 CPU: 2 PID: 72 Comm: kworker/u19:1 Not tainted 6.9.0-dirty #716 RIP: 0010:__brelse+0x58/0x90 Call Trace: <TASK> __find_get_block+0x6e7/0x810 bdev_getblk+0x2b/0x480 __ext4_get_inode_loc+0x48a/0x1240 ext4_get_inode_loc+0xb2/0x150 ext4_reserve_inode_write+0xb7/0x230 __ext4_mark_inode_dirty+0x144/0x6a0 ext4_ext_insert_extent+0x9c8/0x3230 ext4_ext_map_blocks+0xf45/0x2dc0 ext4_map_blocks+0x724/0x1700 ext4_do_writepages+0x12d6/0x2a70 [...] ============================================
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux Ami 2 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade python-perfUpgrade python-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-275.603Upgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernelUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-275.591Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-276.639Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-livepatch-5.10.227-219.884Upgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-275.582Upgrade perfUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-276.618Upgrade kernel-livepatch-5.15.168-114.166Upgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-livepatch-4.14.355-275.572 | Jan 22, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Amazon_linux | — | Upgrade kernel | May 22, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade perfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.115-126.197Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade bpftool-debuginfo | Feb 17, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | Nov 11, 2024 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp10 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jan 14, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel | Feb 11, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perf | Feb 11, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp9 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-tools | Jan 15, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Oracle_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-uek | Dec 17, 2024 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernelNo solution existsUpgrade kernel-rt | May 15, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1006-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-127-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-18-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1145-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1056-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-208-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1009-gcpUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1066-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-54-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-57-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1143-gcpUpgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-54-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1071-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1070-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1005-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1058-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1086-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-208-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1009-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1009-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1068-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1066-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1072-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-54-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1039-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1048-iotUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1116-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1099-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1068-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-57-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1023-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-208-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1140-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1071-oracleUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1008-raspiUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-18-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1138-oracleUpgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-54-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1127-kvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-127-genericUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1014-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-127-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1078-azureUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1020-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1019-gkeUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-oemUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1070-kvmUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-127-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-oemUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1073-awsUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1009-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1142-awsUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1020-oracleUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1019-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-127-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1024-gcp-64k | Dec 18, 2024 | Oct 21, 2024 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | Oct 21, 2024 |
Prioritise with Active Threat Intelligence
With curated Threat Intelligence, you can see which vulnerabilities truly put you at risk, prioritize what matters most, and act before attackers do.
Explore Intelligence Hub