In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: let net.core.dev_weight always be non-zero
The following problem was encountered during stability test:
(NULL net_device): NAPI poll function process_backlog+0x0/0x530 \ returned 1, exceeding its budget of 0. ------------[ cut here ]------------ list_add double add: new=ffff88905f746f48, prev=ffff88905f746f48, \ next=ffff88905f746e40. WARNING: CPU: 18 PID: 5462 at lib/list_debug.c:35 \ __list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 CPU: 18 UID: 0 PID: 5462 Comm: ping Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7+ RIP: 0010:__list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 Call Trace: ? __warn+0xcd/0x250 ? __list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 enqueue_to_backlog+0x923/0x1070 netif_rx_internal+0x92/0x2b0 __netif_rx+0x15/0x170 loopback_xmit+0x2ef/0x450 dev_hard_start_xmit+0x103/0x490 __dev_queue_xmit+0xeac/0x1950 ip_finish_output2+0x6cc/0x1620 ip_output+0x161/0x270 ip_push_pending_frames+0x155/0x1a0 raw_sendmsg+0xe13/0x1550 __sys_sendto+0x3bf/0x4e0 __x64_sys_sendto+0xdc/0x1b0 do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
The reproduction command is as follows: sysctl -w net.core.dev_weight=0 ping 127.0.0.1
This is because when the napi's weight is set to 0, process_backlog() may return 0 and clear the NAPI_STATE_SCHED bit of napi->state, causing this napi to be re-polled in net_rx_action() until __do_softirq() times out. Since the NAPI_STATE_SCHED bit has been cleared, napi_schedule_rps() can be retriggered in enqueue_to_backlog(), causing this issue.
Making the napi's weight always non-zero solves this problem.
Triggering this issue requires system-wide admin (setting is not namespaced).
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 5.5
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alma_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modulesUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-64k-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedUpgrade libperfUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-docUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-coreUpgrade rtlaUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-64k-develUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-cross-headersUpgrade rvUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-uki-virt-addonsUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64kUpgrade kernel-64k-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-64k-modulesUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-develUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debug-develUpgrade kernel-64k-debugUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-64kUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-64k-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-64k-debugUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-modules | Nov 20, 2025 | Nov 11, 2025 |
| Amazon Linux Ami 2 | — | Upgrade kernel-livepatch-5.10.235-227.919Upgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-livepatch-5.15.179-121.185Upgrade kernel-headersUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade python-perfUpgrade perf | May 22, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade perfUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.129-138.220Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 | Jun 11, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | Mar 17, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp10 | — | Upgrade perfUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-devel | May 13, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jun 13, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jul 21, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jul 1, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Oracle_linux | — | Upgrade kernel | Nov 28, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernelNo solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Rocky_linux | — | Upgrade rvUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debug-uki-virtUpgrade kernel-rt-debugUpgrade kernel-rt-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-modulesUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matchedUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-uki-virt-addonsUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-extraUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modulesUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-coreUpgrade libperf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modulesUpgrade kernel-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modulesUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-coreUpgrade kernel-debug-devel-matchedUpgrade kernel-tools-libs-develUpgrade kernel-rt-debug-modules-coreUpgrade kernel-rt-modules-coreUpgrade rtlaUpgrade kernel-uki-virtUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-s390xUpgrade kernel-debug-modules-extraUpgrade libperfUpgrade kernel-zfcpdump-modules-core | Feb 5, 2026 | Nov 21, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-default-manUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kb | Dec 5, 2025 | May 20, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1149-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1133-kvmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1151-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1146-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-raspi2Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1076-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1051-iotUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1078-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1129-raspiUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1026-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-oem-20.04bUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04dUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1032-awsUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-216-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-azureUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-26-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-6.8Upgrade linux-image-snapdragon-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-awsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1092-ibmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1022-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1015-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1144-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-142-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1083-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-216-genericUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-oracleUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1081-gkeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-142-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1037-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1120-fipsUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1025-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-20.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-osp1Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1022-oemUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-gkeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1026-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-64-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2026-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1032-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1089-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-64-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-142-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-64-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1089-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1078-raspiUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oemUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1149-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-awsUpgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1146-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1033-gcpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-140-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1037-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1077-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-raspiUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-5.4.0-216-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1033-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1050-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1066-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1105-bluefieldUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.8Upgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-18.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1084-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-26-genericUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-64-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1151-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.4.0-1064-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1079-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-oem-20.04cUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1031-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1078-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1080-kvmUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmp | May 20, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Jul 2, 2025 | Feb 27, 2025 |
Prioritise with Active Threat Intelligence
With curated Threat Intelligence, you can see which vulnerabilities truly put you at risk, prioritize what matters most, and act before attackers do.
Explore Intelligence Hub