In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: x86/pmu: Disable support for adaptive PEBS
Drop support for virtualizing adaptive PEBS, as KVM's implementation is architecturally broken without an obvious/easy path forward, and because exposing adaptive PEBS can leak host LBRs to the guest, i.e. can leak host kernel addresses to the guest.
Bug #1 is that KVM doesn't account for the upper 32 bits of IA32_FIXED_CTR_CTRL when (re)programming fixed counters, e.g fixed_ctrl_field() drops the upper bits, reprogram_fixed_counters() stores local variables as u8s and truncates the upper bits too, etc.
Bug #2 is that, because KVM _always_ sets precise_ip to a non-zero value for PEBS events, perf will _always_ generate an adaptive record, even if the guest requested a basic record. Note, KVM will also enable adaptive PEBS in individual *counter*, even if adaptive PEBS isn't exposed to the guest, but this is benign as MSR_PEBS_DATA_CFG is guaranteed to be zero, i.e. the guest will only ever see Basic records.
Bug #3 is in perf. intel_pmu_disable_fixed() doesn't clear the upper bits either, i.e. leaves ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE set, and intel_pmu_enable_fixed() effectively doesn't clear ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE either. I.e. perf _always_ enables ADAPTIVE counters, regardless of what KVM requests.
Bug #4 is that adaptive PEBS *might* effectively bypass event filters set by the host, as "Updated Memory Access Info Group" records information that might be disallowed by userspace via KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER.
Bug #5 is that KVM doesn't ensure LBR MSRs hold guest values (or at least zeros) when entering a vCPU with adaptive PEBS, which allows the guest to read host LBRs, i.e. host RIPs/addresses, by enabling "LBR Entries" records.
Disable adaptive PEBS support as an immediate fix due to the severity of the LBR leak in particular, and because fixing all of the bugs will be non-trivial, e.g. not suitable for backporting to stable kernels.
Note! This will break live migration, but trying to make KVM play nice with live migration would be quite complicated, wouldn't be guaranteed to work (i.e. KVM might still kill/confuse the guest), and it's not clear that there are any publicly available VMMs that support adaptive PEBS, let alone live migrate VMs that support adaptive PEBS, e.g. QEMU doesn't support PEBS in any capacity.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade perfUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.90-99.173Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-devel | Feb 17, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | May 8, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-rtNo solution exists | Dec 5, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azure-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-debug-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-64kb-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-docs | Jun 24, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1006-gkeUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracleUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gcpUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azureUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia | Jul 12, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
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