In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: x86/pmu: Disable support for adaptive PEBS
Drop support for virtualizing adaptive PEBS, as KVM's implementation is architecturally broken without an obvious/easy path forward, and because exposing adaptive PEBS can leak host LBRs to the guest, i.e. can leak host kernel addresses to the guest.
Bug #1 is that KVM doesn't account for the upper 32 bits of IA32_FIXED_CTR_CTRL when (re)programming fixed counters, e.g fixed_ctrl_field() drops the upper bits, reprogram_fixed_counters() stores local variables as u8s and truncates the upper bits too, etc.
Bug #2 is that, because KVM _always_ sets precise_ip to a non-zero value for PEBS events, perf will _always_ generate an adaptive record, even if the guest requested a basic record. Note, KVM will also enable adaptive PEBS in individual *counter*, even if adaptive PEBS isn't exposed to the guest, but this is benign as MSR_PEBS_DATA_CFG is guaranteed to be zero, i.e. the guest will only ever see Basic records.
Bug #3 is in perf. intel_pmu_disable_fixed() doesn't clear the upper bits either, i.e. leaves ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE set, and intel_pmu_enable_fixed() effectively doesn't clear ICL_FIXED_0_ADAPTIVE either. I.e. perf _always_ enables ADAPTIVE counters, regardless of what KVM requests.
Bug #4 is that adaptive PEBS *might* effectively bypass event filters set by the host, as "Updated Memory Access Info Group" records information that might be disallowed by userspace via KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER.
Bug #5 is that KVM doesn't ensure LBR MSRs hold guest values (or at least zeros) when entering a vCPU with adaptive PEBS, which allows the guest to read host LBRs, i.e. host RIPs/addresses, by enabling "LBR Entries" records.
Disable adaptive PEBS support as an immediate fix due to the severity of the LBR leak in particular, and because fixing all of the bugs will be non-trivial, e.g. not suitable for backporting to stable kernels.
Note! This will break live migration, but trying to make KVM play nice with live migration would be quite complicated, wouldn't be guaranteed to work (i.e. KVM might still kill/confuse the guest), and it's not clear that there are any publicly available VMMs that support adaptive PEBS, let alone live migrate VMs that support adaptive PEBS, e.g. QEMU doesn't support PEBS in any capacity.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.90-99.173Upgrade perfUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-develUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-tools | Feb 17, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | May 8, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution existsUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel | Dec 5, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-livepatch-develUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade kernel-debug-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-azure-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-64kb-livepatch-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-devel | Jun 24, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracleUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-ibmUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oemUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1006-gkeUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1007-intelUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1008-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-38-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1009-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1010-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1011-aws | Jul 12, 2024 | May 1, 2024 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Oct 14, 2025 | May 1, 2024 |
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