In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/mm/pat: Fix VM_PAT handling when fork() fails in copy_page_range()
If track_pfn_copy() fails, we already added the dst VMA to the maple tree. As fork() fails, we'll cleanup the maple tree, and stumble over the dst VMA for which we neither performed any reservation nor copied any page tables.
Consequently untrack_pfn() will see VM_PAT and try obtaining the PAT information from the page table -- which fails because the page table was not copied.
The easiest fix would be to simply clear the VM_PAT flag of the dst VMA if track_pfn_copy() fails. However, the whole thing is about "simply" clearing the VM_PAT flag is shaky as well: if we passed track_pfn_copy() and performed a reservation, but copying the page tables fails, we'll simply clear the VM_PAT flag, not properly undoing the reservation ... which is also wrong.
So let's fix it properly: set the VM_PAT flag only if the reservation succeeded (leaving it clear initially), and undo the reservation if anything goes wrong while copying the page tables: clearing the VM_PAT flag after undoing the reservation.
Note that any copied page table entries will get zapped when the VMA will get removed later, after copy_page_range() succeeded; as VM_PAT is not set then, we won't try cleaning VM_PAT up once more and untrack_pfn() will be happy. Note that leaving these page tables in place without a reservation is not a problem, as we are aborting fork(); this process will never run.
A reproducer can trigger this usually at the first try:
https://gitlab.com/davidhildenbrand/scratchspace/-/raw/main/reproducers/pat_fork.c
WARNING: CPU: 26 PID: 11650 at arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c:983 get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 Modules linked in: ... CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 11650 Comm: repro3 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5+ #92 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ... untrack_pfn+0x52/0x110 unmap_single_vma+0xa6/0xe0 unmap_vmas+0x105/0x1f0 exit_mmap+0xf6/0x460 __mmput+0x4b/0x120 copy_process+0x1bf6/0x2aa0 kernel_clone+0xab/0x440 __do_sys_clone+0x66/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x95/0x180
Likely this case was missed in:
d155df53f310 ("x86/mm/pat: clear VM_PAT if copy_p4d_range failed")
... and instead of undoing the reservation we simply cleared the VM_PAT flag.
Keep the documentation of these functions in include/linux/pgtable.h, one place is more than sufficient -- we should clean that up for the other functions like track_pfn_remap/untrack_pfn separately.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.12.23-29.97Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf6.12Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel6.12-modules-extraUpgrade kernel6.12Upgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade perf6.12Upgrade kernel-libbpf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade python3-perf6.12-debuginfo | Jun 24, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | May 15, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Jul 21, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rt | Dec 5, 2025 | May 21, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1039-ibmUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-raspiUpgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcpUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gkeUpgrade linux-image-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-azureUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2032-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1024-oemUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.11Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.11Upgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azureUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1036-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.11Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-awsUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-edgeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-genericUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1044-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1004-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-6.11Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-raspiUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-awsUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04a | Jun 26, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | May 27, 2026 | Apr 16, 2025 |
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