In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
skbuff: Fix a race between coalescing and releasing SKBs
Commit 1effe8ca4e34 ("skbuff: fix coalescing for page_pool fragment recycling") allowed coalescing to proceed with non page pool page and page pool page when @from is cloned, i.e.
to->pp_recycle --> false from->pp_recycle --> true skb_cloned(from) --> true
However, it actually requires skb_cloned(@from) to hold true until coalescing finishes in this situation. If the other cloned SKB is released while the merging is in process, from_shinfo->nr_frags will be set to 0 toward the end of the function, causing the increment of frag page _refcount to be unexpectedly skipped resulting in inconsistent reference counts. Later when SKB(@to) is released, it frees the page directly even though the page pool page is still in use, leading to use-after-free or double-free errors. So it should be prohibited.
The double-free error message below prompted us to investigate: BUG: Bad page state in process swapper/1 pfn:0e0d1 page:00000000c6548b28 refcount:-1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x2 pfn:0xe0d1 flags: 0xfffffc0000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x1fffff) raw: 000fffffc0000000 0000000000000000 ffffffff00000101 0000000000000000 raw: 0000000000000002 0000000000000000 ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: nonzero _refcount
CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Tainted: G E 6.2.0+ Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl+0x32/0x50 bad_page+0x69/0xf0 free_pcp_prepare+0x260/0x2f0 free_unref_page+0x20/0x1c0 skb_release_data+0x10b/0x1a0 napi_consume_skb+0x56/0x150 net_rx_action+0xf0/0x350 ? __napi_schedule+0x79/0x90 __do_softirq+0xc8/0x2b1 __irq_exit_rcu+0xb9/0xf0 common_interrupt+0x82/0xa0 </IRQ> <TASK> asm_common_interrupt+0x22/0x40 RIP: 0010:default_idle+0xb/0x20
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 8.1
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux Ami 2 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade python-perfUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python-perf-debuginfoUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-livepatch-5.15.108-65.141Upgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 | May 20, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.25-37.47Upgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf | Sep 30, 2025 | Sep 15, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | Sep 17, 2025 | Sep 17, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libs | Mar 10, 2026 | Mar 10, 2026 |
| Redhat_linux | — | Upgrade kernelNo solution exists | Jun 17, 2026 | Sep 15, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-hwe-5.15Upgrade linux-oracle-5.15Upgrade linux-azure-5.15Upgrade linux-gkeUpgrade linux-ibmUpgrade linux-nvidiaUpgrade linux-gkeopUpgrade linux-azureUpgrade linux-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-raspiUpgrade linux-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linuxUpgrade linux-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-oracleUpgrade linux-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Upgrade linux-intel-iotg-5.15Upgrade linux-ibm-5.15Upgrade linux-gcpUpgrade linux-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-gcp-5.15Upgrade linux-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-riscv-5.15Upgrade linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15Upgrade linux-bluefieldUpgrade linux-aws-5.15Upgrade linux-kvmUpgrade linux-awsUpgrade linux-realtime | Sep 19, 2025 | Sep 16, 2025 |
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