In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/fred: Clear WFE in missing-ENDBRANCH #CPs
An indirect branch instruction sets the CPU indirect branch tracker (IBT) into WAIT_FOR_ENDBRANCH (WFE) state and WFE stays asserted across the instruction boundary. When the decoder finds an inappropriate instruction while WFE is set ENDBR, the CPU raises a #CP fault.
For the "kernel IBT no ENDBR" selftest where #CPs are deliberately triggered, the WFE state of the interrupted context needs to be cleared to let execution continue. Otherwise when the CPU resumes from the instruction that just caused the previous #CP, another missing-ENDBRANCH #CP is raised and the CPU enters a dead loop.
This is not a problem with IDT because it doesn't preserve WFE and IRET doesn't set WFE. But FRED provides space on the entry stack (in an expanded CS area) to save and restore the WFE state, thus the WFE state is no longer clobbered, so software must clear it.
Clear WFE to avoid dead looping in ibt_clear_fred_wfe() and the !ibt_fatal code path when execution is allowed to continue.
Clobbering WFE in any other circumstance is a security-relevant bug.
[ dhansen: changelog rewording ]
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 5.5
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux | Jul 27, 2026 | Jul 27, 2026 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-awsUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-oemUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-ibmUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1012-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1022-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1016-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04 | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 6, 2025 |
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