In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm: hugetlb: independent PMD page table shared count
The folio refcount may be increased unexpectly through try_get_folio() by caller such as split_huge_pages. In huge_pmd_unshare(), we use refcount to check whether a pmd page table is shared. The check is incorrect if the refcount is increased by the above caller, and this can cause the page table leaked:
BUG: Bad page state in process sh pfn:109324 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x66 pfn:0x109324 flags: 0x17ffff800000000(node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0xfffff) page_type: f2(table) raw: 017ffff800000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 raw: 0000000000000066 0000000000000000 00000000f2000000 0000000000000000 page dumped because: nonzero mapcount ... CPU: 31 UID: 0 PID: 7515 Comm: sh Kdump: loaded Tainted: G B 6.13.0-rc2master+ #7 Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 Call trace: show_stack+0x20/0x38 (C) dump_stack_lvl+0x80/0xf8 dump_stack+0x18/0x28 bad_page+0x8c/0x130 free_page_is_bad_report+0xa4/0xb0 free_unref_page+0x3cc/0x620 __folio_put+0xf4/0x158 split_huge_pages_all+0x1e0/0x3e8 split_huge_pages_write+0x25c/0x2d8 full_proxy_write+0x64/0xd8 vfs_write+0xcc/0x280 ksys_write+0x70/0x110 __arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x38 invoke_syscall+0x50/0x120 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc8/0xf0 do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38 el0_svc+0x34/0x128 el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc8/0xd0 el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x198
The issue may be triggered by damon, offline_page, page_idle, etc, which will increase the refcount of page table.
1. The page table itself will be discarded after reporting the "nonzero mapcount".
2. The HugeTLB page mapped by the page table miss freeing since we treat the page table as shared and a shared page table will not be unmapped.
Fix it by introducing independent PMD page table shared count. As described by comment, pt_index/pt_mm/pt_frag_refcount are used for s390 gmap, x86 pgds and powerpc, pt_share_count is used for x86/arm64/riscv pmds, so we can reuse the field as pt_share_count.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.8
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux Ami 2 | — | Upgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade python-perf-debuginfoUpgrade perfUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-livepatch-5.15.186-128.192Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-develUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade python-perfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-5.10.239-236.958 | May 20, 2026 | May 20, 2026 |
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernelUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade python3-perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-libbpf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.1.144-170.251Upgrade perfUpgrade perf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade python3-perf | Jul 30, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | May 15, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp10 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelists | May 13, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perf | Apr 11, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perf | May 7, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade python3-perf | Apr 1, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp9 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools | Mar 18, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Oracle_linux | — | Upgrade kernel-uek | Sep 10, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1007-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1045-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1096-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-awsUpgrade linux-image-ibm-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-intelUpgrade linux-image-intel-iotg-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-kvm-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azureUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUpgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-raspi-nolpaeUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-awsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1087-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1089-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegraUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1090-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcpUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-lpae-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-aws-5.15Upgrade linux-image-aws-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracleUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1045-nvidia-tegra-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1087-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-generic-5.15Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1056-xilinx-zynqmpUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracleUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rt-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1075-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gke-5.15Upgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1034-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gcp-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-rt-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-5.15Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-5.15Upgrade linux-image-gcp-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcpUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-intel-iot-realtime-5.15Upgrade linux-image-fips-5.15Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azureUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oracle-5.15Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-22.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1034-nvidia-tegra-igxUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04aUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1013-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-gcpUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1087-intel-iotgUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1085-intel-iot-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1016-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-xilinx-zynqmp-5.15Upgrade linux-image-raspi-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-azure-cvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1010-raspiUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-genericUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-virtual-5.15Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1088-kvmUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1022-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1012-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-156-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1012-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-realtime-5.15Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-20.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1086-ibmUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-64k-5.15Upgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1092-aws-fipsUpgrade linux-image-5.15.0-1096-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-tegra-igx-rtUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency | Mar 28, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | Sep 19, 2025 | Jan 15, 2025 |
Prioritise with Active Threat Intelligence
With curated Threat Intelligence, you can see which vulnerabilities truly put you at risk, prioritize what matters most, and act before attackers do.
Explore Intelligence Hub