In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/mm/pat: Fix VM_PAT handling when fork() fails in copy_page_range()
If track_pfn_copy() fails, we already added the dst VMA to the maple tree. As fork() fails, we'll cleanup the maple tree, and stumble over the dst VMA for which we neither performed any reservation nor copied any page tables.
Consequently untrack_pfn() will see VM_PAT and try obtaining the PAT information from the page table -- which fails because the page table was not copied.
The easiest fix would be to simply clear the VM_PAT flag of the dst VMA if track_pfn_copy() fails. However, the whole thing is about "simply" clearing the VM_PAT flag is shaky as well: if we passed track_pfn_copy() and performed a reservation, but copying the page tables fails, we'll simply clear the VM_PAT flag, not properly undoing the reservation ... which is also wrong.
So let's fix it properly: set the VM_PAT flag only if the reservation succeeded (leaving it clear initially), and undo the reservation if anything goes wrong while copying the page tables: clearing the VM_PAT flag after undoing the reservation.
Note that any copied page table entries will get zapped when the VMA will get removed later, after copy_page_range() succeeded; as VM_PAT is not set then, we won't try cleaning VM_PAT up once more and untrack_pfn() will be happy. Note that leaving these page tables in place without a reservation is not a problem, as we are aborting fork(); this process will never run.
A reproducer can trigger this usually at the first try:
https://gitlab.com/davidhildenbrand/scratchspace/-/raw/main/reproducers/pat_fork.c
WARNING: CPU: 26 PID: 11650 at arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c:983 get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 Modules linked in: ... CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 11650 Comm: repro3 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5+ #92 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ... untrack_pfn+0x52/0x110 unmap_single_vma+0xa6/0xe0 unmap_vmas+0x105/0x1f0 exit_mmap+0xf6/0x460 __mmput+0x4b/0x120 copy_process+0x1bf6/0x2aa0 kernel_clone+0xab/0x440 __do_sys_clone+0x66/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x95/0x180
Likely this case was missed in:
d155df53f310 ("x86/mm/pat: clear VM_PAT if copy_p4d_range failed")
... and instead of undoing the reservation we simply cleared the VM_PAT flag.
Keep the documentation of these functions in include/linux/pgtable.h, one place is more than sufficient -- we should clean that up for the other functions like track_pfn_remap/untrack_pfn separately.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade perf6.12Upgrade kernel-libbpf-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel6.12-modules-extraUpgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel6.12-debuginfoUpgrade perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf6.12Upgrade python3-perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel6.12Upgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.12.23-29.97Upgrade bpftool | Jun 24, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | May 15, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libs | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-tools | Jul 21, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-tools | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade gfs2-kmp-default | Dec 5, 2025 | May 21, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracleUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1044-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-edgeUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1004-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-genericUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.11Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azureUpgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-genericUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.11Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1036-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-azureUpgrade linux-image-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracleUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gkeUpgrade linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-raspiUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2032-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-awsUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcpUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.11Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcpUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azureUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1039-ibmUpgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.11Upgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1024-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracle | Jun 26, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | May 27, 2026 | Apr 16, 2025 |
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