In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/mm/pat: Fix VM_PAT handling when fork() fails in copy_page_range()
If track_pfn_copy() fails, we already added the dst VMA to the maple tree. As fork() fails, we'll cleanup the maple tree, and stumble over the dst VMA for which we neither performed any reservation nor copied any page tables.
Consequently untrack_pfn() will see VM_PAT and try obtaining the PAT information from the page table -- which fails because the page table was not copied.
The easiest fix would be to simply clear the VM_PAT flag of the dst VMA if track_pfn_copy() fails. However, the whole thing is about "simply" clearing the VM_PAT flag is shaky as well: if we passed track_pfn_copy() and performed a reservation, but copying the page tables fails, we'll simply clear the VM_PAT flag, not properly undoing the reservation ... which is also wrong.
So let's fix it properly: set the VM_PAT flag only if the reservation succeeded (leaving it clear initially), and undo the reservation if anything goes wrong while copying the page tables: clearing the VM_PAT flag after undoing the reservation.
Note that any copied page table entries will get zapped when the VMA will get removed later, after copy_page_range() succeeded; as VM_PAT is not set then, we won't try cleaning VM_PAT up once more and untrack_pfn() will be happy. Note that leaving these page tables in place without a reservation is not a problem, as we are aborting fork(); this process will never run.
A reproducer can trigger this usually at the first try:
https://gitlab.com/davidhildenbrand/scratchspace/-/raw/main/reproducers/pat_fork.c
WARNING: CPU: 26 PID: 11650 at arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c:983 get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 Modules linked in: ... CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 11650 Comm: repro3 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5+ #92 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ... untrack_pfn+0x52/0x110 unmap_single_vma+0xa6/0xe0 unmap_vmas+0x105/0x1f0 exit_mmap+0xf6/0x460 __mmput+0x4b/0x120 copy_process+0x1bf6/0x2aa0 kernel_clone+0xab/0x440 __do_sys_clone+0x66/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x95/0x180
Likely this case was missed in:
d155df53f310 ("x86/mm/pat: clear VM_PAT if copy_p4d_range failed")
... and instead of undoing the reservation we simply cleared the VM_PAT flag.
Keep the documentation of these functions in include/linux/pgtable.h, one place is more than sufficient -- we should clean that up for the other functions like track_pfn_remap/untrack_pfn separately.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel6.12Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf6.12Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel6.12-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel-livepatch-6.12.23-29.97Upgrade kernel-develUpgrade kernel-headersUpgrade perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade python3-perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-debuginfoUpgrade perf6.12 | Jun 24, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linux-6.1Upgrade linux | May 15, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernel-tools | Jul 21, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libs | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade dlm-kmp-azureUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade dlm-kmp-default | Dec 5, 2025 | May 21, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-edgeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1044-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1004-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-genericUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.11Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracleUpgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-awsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azureUpgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-awsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.11Upgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1039-ibmUpgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1036-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.11Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gkeUpgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-raspiUpgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcpUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2032-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1024-oemUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.11Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azure | Jun 26, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | May 27, 2026 | Apr 16, 2025 |
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