In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/mm/pat: Fix VM_PAT handling when fork() fails in copy_page_range()
If track_pfn_copy() fails, we already added the dst VMA to the maple tree. As fork() fails, we'll cleanup the maple tree, and stumble over the dst VMA for which we neither performed any reservation nor copied any page tables.
Consequently untrack_pfn() will see VM_PAT and try obtaining the PAT information from the page table -- which fails because the page table was not copied.
The easiest fix would be to simply clear the VM_PAT flag of the dst VMA if track_pfn_copy() fails. However, the whole thing is about "simply" clearing the VM_PAT flag is shaky as well: if we passed track_pfn_copy() and performed a reservation, but copying the page tables fails, we'll simply clear the VM_PAT flag, not properly undoing the reservation ... which is also wrong.
So let's fix it properly: set the VM_PAT flag only if the reservation succeeded (leaving it clear initially), and undo the reservation if anything goes wrong while copying the page tables: clearing the VM_PAT flag after undoing the reservation.
Note that any copied page table entries will get zapped when the VMA will get removed later, after copy_page_range() succeeded; as VM_PAT is not set then, we won't try cleaning VM_PAT up once more and untrack_pfn() will be happy. Note that leaving these page tables in place without a reservation is not a problem, as we are aborting fork(); this process will never run.
A reproducer can trigger this usually at the first try:
https://gitlab.com/davidhildenbrand/scratchspace/-/raw/main/reproducers/pat_fork.c
WARNING: CPU: 26 PID: 11650 at arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c:983 get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 Modules linked in: ... CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 11650 Comm: repro3 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5+ #92 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-2.fc40 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:get_pat_info+0xf6/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ... untrack_pfn+0x52/0x110 unmap_single_vma+0xa6/0xe0 unmap_vmas+0x105/0x1f0 exit_mmap+0xf6/0x460 __mmput+0x4b/0x120 copy_process+0x1bf6/0x2aa0 kernel_clone+0xab/0x440 __do_sys_clone+0x66/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x95/0x180
Likely this case was missed in:
d155df53f310 ("x86/mm/pat: clear VM_PAT if copy_p4d_range failed")
... and instead of undoing the reservation we simply cleared the VM_PAT flag.
Keep the documentation of these functions in include/linux/pgtable.h, one place is more than sufficient -- we should clean that up for the other functions like track_pfn_remap/untrack_pfn separately.
CVSS Details
- CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 7.3
- CVSS 3.1 Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H)
Covered by Rapid7
| Product | Vendor Advisory | Solution File | Added | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon_linux_2023 | — | Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf6.12Upgrade kernel-headersUpgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64Upgrade kernel-tools-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpfUpgrade kernel6.12Upgrade kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64Upgrade kernel-livepatch-6.12.23-29.97Upgrade kernel-tools-develUpgrade kernel6.12-modules-extraUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-develUpgrade kernel-modules-extra-commonUpgrade kernel-libbpf-debuginfoUpgrade python3-perf6.12-debuginfoUpgrade kernel-libbpf-staticUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade perf6.12Upgrade bpftool-debuginfoUpgrade bpftool | Jun 24, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Debian | — | Upgrade linuxUpgrade linux-6.1 | May 15, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp11 | — | Upgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernelUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftool | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp12 | — | Upgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftoolUpgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-tools-libs | Jul 21, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Huawei Euleros 2_0_sp13 | — | Upgrade python3-perfUpgrade kernel-tools-libsUpgrade kernel-toolsUpgrade kernelUpgrade kernel-abi-stablelistsUpgrade bpftool | Aug 13, 2025 | Jul 18, 2025 |
| Redhat_linux | — | No solution exists | Jul 9, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Suse | — | Upgrade kernel-64kb-extraUpgrade kernel-debug-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-obs-buildUpgrade kernel-default-optionalUpgrade kernel-rt-optionalUpgrade dtb-alteraUpgrade kernel-rt-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azure-optionalUpgrade kernel-debugUpgrade dtb-sprdUpgrade dtb-xilinxUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-default-livepatch-develUpgrade kernel-rt_debugUpgrade kernel-default-baseUpgrade dtb-allwinnerUpgrade dtb-amdUpgrade dtb-rockchipUpgrade dtb-appleUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-64kbUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-rtUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade gfs2-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-rt-extraUpgrade kselftests-kmp-azureUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-develUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-nvidiaUpgrade kernel-docsUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-azureUpgrade dtb-caviumUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-rtUpgrade dtb-marvellUpgrade reiserfs-kmp-defaultUpgrade dlm-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-vdsoUpgrade kernel-source-rtUpgrade dtb-renesasUpgrade kselftests-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-develUpgrade kernel-azureUpgrade dtb-socionextUpgrade dlm-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-source-vanillaUpgrade kernel-defaultUpgrade kernel-sourceUpgrade dtb-lgUpgrade kernel-symsUpgrade kernel-source-azureUpgrade kernel-syms-rtUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-devel-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-optionalUpgrade kernel-default-vdsoUpgrade kernel-default-extraUpgrade kernel-default-develUpgrade gfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-64kb-develUpgrade kernel-zfcpdumpUpgrade dtb-mediatekUpgrade dtb-broadcomUpgrade kernel-rt-livepatch-develUpgrade kselftests-kmp-64kbUpgrade kernel-syms-azureUpgrade kernel-kvmsmall-develUpgrade kselftests-kmp-defaultUpgrade kernel-rt-develUpgrade kernel-macrosUpgrade dtb-freescaleUpgrade dtb-armUpgrade cluster-md-kmp-azureUpgrade kernel-default-livepatchUpgrade kernel-rtUpgrade kernel-docs-htmlUpgrade ocfs2-kmp-rtUpgrade kernel-rt_debug-vdsoUpgrade kernel-azure-develUpgrade dtb-qcomUpgrade kernel-azure-extraUpgrade dtb-amlogicUpgrade kernel-obs-qaUpgrade dtb-hisiliconUpgrade dtb-apmUpgrade kernel-default-base-rebuildUpgrade kernel-azure-vdsoUpgrade dlm-kmp-64kbUpgrade dtb-amazonUpgrade kernel-kvmsmallUpgrade kernel-devel-azureUpgrade dtb-exynosUpgrade kernel-64kbUpgrade gfs2-kmp-64kbUpgrade dlm-kmp-azure | Dec 5, 2025 | May 21, 2025 |
| Ubuntu | — | Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeop-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1044-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-azure-fde-edgeUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1004-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-genericUpgrade linux-image-generic-lpaeUpgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeUpgrade linux-image-azure-6.11Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04aUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-oem-24.04bUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-genericUpgrade linux-image-genericUpgrade linux-image-ibm-6.8Upgrade linux-image-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-raspiUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-awsUpgrade linux-image-ibm-classicUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracleUpgrade linux-image-oracleUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-awsUpgrade linux-image-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-virtualUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-22-genericUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Upgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azureUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1011-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-awsUpgrade linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1024-oemUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gke-6.8Upgrade linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-raspiUpgrade linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1015-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-gcpUpgrade linux-image-azure-fipsUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-6.11Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-oracleUpgrade linux-image-generic-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1008-gcpUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04dUpgrade linux-image-6.8.1-1036-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidiaUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-azureUpgrade linux-image-kvmUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-6.8Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatencyUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.11Upgrade linux-image-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1038-gkeUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-oracle-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oem-22.04cUpgrade linux-image-gke-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-2032-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-6.8Upgrade linux-image-oracle-64kUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-86-lowlatency-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1041-awsUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeopUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-28-generic-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oracleUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1014-raspiUpgrade linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-raspi-realtimeUpgrade linux-image-nvidia-64kUpgrade linux-image-oem-22.04bUpgrade linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcp-64kUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1042-gcpUpgrade linux-image-6.8.0-1039-ibmUpgrade linux-image-6.14.0-1007-azureUpgrade linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Upgrade linux-image-virtual-6.8Upgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Upgrade linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-azureUpgrade linux-image-aws-6.8Upgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1018-azure-fdeUpgrade linux-image-6.11.0-1016-gcpUpgrade linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Upgrade linux-image-azure-fde-6.11Upgrade linux-image-aws-64kUpgrade linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Upgrade linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04 | Jun 26, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 |
| Vmware Photon_os | — | Use 'tdnf update' to upgrade all packages to the latest version. | May 27, 2026 | Apr 16, 2025 |
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